Just before ejaculation, the sperm go from the epididymis into another set of tubes. These tubes are called the vas deferens. Each vas deferens leads from the epididymis to behind your bladder in the pelvis. There each vas deferens joins the ejaculatory duct from the seminal vesicle. When you ejaculate, the sperm mix with fluid from the prostate and seminal vesicles. This forms semen. Semen then travels through the urethra and out of the penis.

Male fertility depends on your body making normal sperm and delivering it into the female partner’s vagina. The sperm travel through her cervix into her uterus to her fallopian tubes. There, if sperm and egg meet, fertilization happens.

The system only works when genes, hormone levels and environmental conditions are right.

Treating Male Infertility Through Hormones

Male fertility pills can change a man’s hormones which are responsible for fertility in many ways. These medications can get your fertility back and increase the amount of testosterone and decrease the amount of estradiol. The drugs used for this purpose are the following:

• Clomiphene or Clomid
• Anastrazole or arimidex
• hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) or hMG (human menopausal gonadotropin)

Most of these fertility drugs are taken by mouth in the form of pills except hCG and hMG, which both are injections.

What Is Clomiphene?

Clomiphene is a drug for men and is used when a low sperm count is caused by low testosterone levels. Clomiphene is used to increase the hormones released from the pituitary gland, which increases the production of testosterone and sperm within the testes.

This medicine’s boosted levels of these reproductive hormones will reduce the symptoms of hypoandrogenism which is caused by low testosterone, increase sperm count, and help to improve non-obstructive azoospermia, a blockage that prevents the sperm from entering the semen.

There are some side effects of clomiphene like changes in mood, changes in energy level, increased aggression, male-patterned baldness, blurred vision, headaches, increase in hemoglobin, enlargement of the prostate gland

What Is Anastrozole?

Anastrozole is a drug is used to reduce male hypoandrogenism symptoms such as low energy, reduced muscle mass, low libido, and erectile dysfunction. It’s also been shown to improve sperm production and sperm recovery rates in men who are facing azoospermia or have a low sperm count problem.

There are some side effects while taking Anastrozole such as nausea, insomnia, bone pain, cough, increased red blood cell count, increased liver enzymes, etc.

What Is Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (Hcg)?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormonal treatment that can also be used to increase testosterone levels in men who suffer from symptoms of low testosterone or testosterone deficiency also called hypogonadism. This drug is typically the last option for treatment because it requires two to three injections per week.

Human chorionic gonadotropin works by directly stimulating the testes to make their own testosterone and improve sperm production. It’s important to preserve the body’s natural production of testosterone inside the testes because it’s needed to maintain testis size and sperm production.

Assisted Reproduction

In some cases of abnormal semen quality, doctors may suggest intrauterine insemination (IUI). This procedure may involve taking a drug to a female partner to support egg development. At the time of ovulation, take the partner’s semen, and process this sample washed and concentrated. and placed in the uterus during ovulation or the day after ovulation using a long, flexible tube.

If the sperm count is very low or less than 5 million per ml and medicine is not effective, then in vitro fertilization (IVF) may be a better option. In this procedure, doctors give the female partner certain drugs to develop healthy eggs and retrieve the mature eggs surgically. Sperm can be collected and fertilized the eggs using the ICSI technique. ICSI is an effective treatment for men with infertility.