Causes Of Infertility

 Age:

A woman’s best reproductive years are in her 20s. In 20s female are more fertile. Fertility gradually decreases in the 30s, particularly after age 35. Each month that she tries, a healthy, fertile 30-year-old woman has a 20% chance of getting pregnant. That means if 100 fertile women are trying for pregnancy only 20 will be successful and the other 80 will have to try again. By age 40, a woman’s chance is less than 5% per cycle, so fewer than 5 out of every 100 women are expected to be successful pregnancy each month.

Egg Quality: 

Women become less likely to become pregnant and more likely to have miscarriages because egg quality decreases as the number of remaining eggs decreases in number. These changes are noted as the age at 30s. Therefore, a woman’s age is the most accurate test of egg quality. An important change in egg quality is the frequency of genetic abnormalities called aneuploidy (too many or too few chromosomes in the egg). At fertilization, a normal egg should have 23 chromosomes, so that when it is fertilized by a sperm also having 23 chromosomes, the resulting embryo will have the normal total of 46 chromosomes. As a woman gets older, more and more of her eggs have either too few or too many chromosomes. That means that if fertilization occurs, the embryo also will have too many or too few chromosomes. Most people are familiar with Down syndrome, a condition that results when the embryo has an extra chromosome 21. Most embryos with too many or too few chromosomes do not result in pregnancy at all or result in miscarriage. This helps explain the lower chance of pregnancy and higher chance of miscarriage in older women.

Assisted Reproductive Technology – IVF and ICSI

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is the best fertility medicine for females in Nagpur. IVF and ICSI are forms of assisted reproductive treatment (ART) in which eggs are fertilized with their partner’s sperm or in other cases donor sperm is also used for fertilization outside the body.

IVF is used for female causes of infertility and unexplained infertility in which the cause is unknown, and ICSI is used when there is a male cause of infertility. Sometimes ICSI is offered when there is no male cause of infertility, but ICSI does not increase the chance of having a baby.

The steps involved in IVF and ICSI treatment are:

1. Hormone stimulation – the woman’s ovaries are stimulated with a course of injectable fertility drugs.
2. Egg retrieval – when the eggs are mature, they are retrieved while the woman is under a light anesthetic.
3. Embryo development – when using IVF, sperm from the male partner or a donor is added to the eggs to allow them to be fertilised. When using ICSI, a single sperm is picked and injected into each egg using a microscopic needle. The eggs and sperm are then kept in the laboratory for 2 to 5 days for embryos to develop.
4. Embryo transfer – if the eggs fertilise and embryos develop, one or 2 embryos are placed in the woman’s uterus. Sometimes several embryos develop, and they can be frozen for use in later embryo transfer procedures.
5. Test for clinical pregnancy –2 weeks after the embryo transfer the woman has a blood test to see if the treatment has been successful:

• If the test is positive, an ultrasound examinationis scheduled 2 weeks later to check that the pregnancy is developing normally.
• If the test is negative the woman will have a periodand will then need to decide whether to try again. If she has frozen embryos these can be replaced one by one without the need to stimulate the ovaries.

1. Live baby – the birth of a living baby or babies (multiple births are classed as a single live birth).